Thursday, February 09, 2023

Contentment or Self-Sufficiency (Pauline Use of Autarkeia)

The Greek adjective αὐτάρκης occurs in Philippians 4:11, its only appearance in the GNT. NWT 2013 still renders the adjective with "self-sufficient" while grammarian and scholar William Mounce offers the rendering, "for I have learned to be content." Either translation is acceptable.

On the other hand, in 1 Timothy 6:6 and 2 Corinthians 9:8, Paul uses the Greek noun ατάρκεια. This noun is a cognate of the adjective αὐτάρκης, so they are related words. Here are some translations that I found for ατάρκεια:
  • sufficiency
  • contentment
  • self-sufficiency
  • independence
So either "contentment" or "self-sufficiency" are fine renderings for ατάρκεια. Nevertheless, to show the difference between Paul and the Stoics, please consider these points: "self-sufficiency" is contextual: the Stoic view of being autarkic is not the Pauline view. The inspired apostle said that he learned to be self-sufficient regardless of what he possessed, whether he had much or little. Note how he goes from describing self-sufficiency/contentment to identifying the source of his ability to be self-sufficient (Philippians 4:13). Compare also 1 Timothy 6:6-8.

See https://ourarchive.otago.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10523/5576/ThorntonDillonT2015PhD.pdf?sequence=1

2 comments:

  1. I'm reminded of an aphorism I read in the reader's digest (yes I'm that old) many years ago "If your outflows exceed your income then your upkeep will be your downfall"

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  2. Love that aphorism, servant. I'm old enough to remember Reader's Digest too plus my parents used to have a subscription and loved reading it. Thanks for the brief trip back to the past for a guy who's not getting any younger--yet!

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