Wednesday, January 13, 2021

Acts 28:30-31 (How Should It Be Translated?)

Greek: Ἐνέμεινεν δὲ διετίαν ὅλην ἐν ἰδίῳ μισθώματι, καὶ ἀπεδέχετο πάντας τοὺς εἰσπορευομένους πρὸς αὐτόν, κηρύσσων τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ διδάσκων τὰ περὶ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ μετὰ πάσης παρρησίας ἀκωλύτως.

NET Bible: Paul[a] lived[b] there two whole years in his own rented quarters[c] and welcomed[d] all who came to him, proclaiming the kingdom of God[e] and teaching about the Lord Jesus Christ[f] with complete boldness[g] and without restriction.[h]

ESV: He lived there two whole years at his own expense,[a] and welcomed all who came to him, proclaiming the kingdom of God and teaching about the Lord Jesus Christ with all boldness and without hindrance.

NWT 2013:
So he remained there for an entire two years in his own rented house, and he would kindly receive all those who came to him, preaching the Kingdom of God to them and teaching about the Lord Jesus Christ with the greatest freeness of speech, without hindrance.

Latin Vulgate:
mansit autem biennio toto in suo conducto et suscipiebat omnes qui ingrediebantur ad eum praedicans regnum Dei et docens quae sunt de Domino Iesu Christo cum omni fiducia sine prohibitione

Craig Keener suggests that the Apostle Paul lived in an apartment:

"Perhaps Paul had a third-story or higher apartment to control the cost,150 but if his friends also stayed with him and they had any means of income, he may have had better accommodations closer to the ground floor. Because Paul already had friends in Rome, they could have located the accommodations for him or perhaps even allowed him (and his guard) to stay with them for a portion of rent" (Acts Commentary, Volume 4: Page 715 of the electronic edition).

Darrell Bock (Baker Exegetical Commentary): "The book of Acts ends on a note of triumph. It is a final summary like the closing of earlier units (6:7; 9:31; 12:24; 16:5; 19:20). Paul, even though imprisoned, lives at his own expense and receives any who would visit him. The aorist verb ἐνέμεινεν (enemeinen, he remained,  lived) is a constative aorist, viewing the two years as a summarized and completed whole (BDF §332.1). Mealand (1990) discusses the reference to μισθώματι (misthōmati, rent, expense) here; its force is much debated. On the one hand, the term is an NT hapax, and its etymology suggests something earned, not a reference to a locale. The preposition ἐν (en), however, can suggest a locale, as does the verb ἐμμένω (emmenō,  dwell). The debate yields two possible meanings: Paul stays where he does  either 'at his own expense' (i.e., with his own payment) or 'in his own rented quarters' (so NET; key inscriptions: SIG 1024, 1200; P.Mich. 9.563.19).  The implication is that Paul has his own quarters, which means that he likely pays for it or, if not, his support by Christians does, as a letter such as Philippians might suggest. The verse points to a locale, but one for which  expenses are paid rather than a prison cell."

F.F. Bruce, The Book of the Acts: "For two years, then, Paul stayed in Rome. The conditions of his custody did not permit him to go anywhere he wished, but anyone who wished might come and see him, as the leaders of the Jewish community had  done.⁷² He lived, says Luke, 'on his own earnings' or 'at his own expense';⁷³ this means that the place where he stayed would indeed have been 'his own hired house' (as KJV has it) or at least his own hired apartment (possibly three floors up in a tenement building).⁷⁴ Perhaps he was able to carry on his 'tent-making,' although this would have been awkward if he was continually chained by the wrist to a soldier."

1 comment:

Duncan said...

https://www.jstor.org/stable/44079897?seq=1