Merkle's Comment on Ephesians 4:30

Greek Text: καὶ μὴ λυπεῖτε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐν ᾧ ἐσφραγίσθητε εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπολυτρώσεως.

Benjamin Merkle, Ephesians: "Ἐν ᾧ communicates means. The antecedent of the dat. rel. pron. ᾧ is τὸ πνεῦμα. That is, the Spirit is the instr. by which Christians are sealed. The implied agent of the pass. ἐσφραγίσθητε (2 pl. aor. pass. indic. of σφραγίζω, 'seal' [see note at 1:13]) is God the Father."

Source: Benjamin L. Merkle. Ephesians. Exegetical Guide to the Greek New Testament. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2016.